Oil-carrying ship or barge



W. A. EBSEN.

OIL CARRYING SHIP 0B BARGE- APPLICATION FILED JULY 13, I920.

Patented Mar. 21, 1922.

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W. A. EBSEN.

OIL CARRYING SHIP 0R BARGE.

APPLICATION mu) JULY I3, 1920.

Patented Mar. 21, 1922.

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OIL CARRYING SHlP'OR BARGE.

APPLICATION mso JULY 13.1920.

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w. A. EBSEN. OIL CARRYING SHIP 0R BARGE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 13,1920.

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OIL CARRYING SHIP 0R BARGE.

APPLICATION FILED 1ULY|3.I920. -1,410,2s7.

nears. srarss PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM A. EBSEN, OFMONTCLAIR, NE'W JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO NATIONAL OIL COMPANY, OF NEW YGRK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF -NEW JERSEY. J

OIL-CARRYING SHIP GR BARGE.

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' Application filed July 13,

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that f, ll/ ILLIAM A. a citizen of the United States residing at rvlontclair in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Carrying Ships or Barges; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to oil carrying ships or barges and has for its object to provide a hull which will be less expensive to construct and more efficient in handling the oil in bulk than those heretofore proposed. 7

lVith these and other objects in view the v invention consists in the noveldetails of construction and combinations of parts more fully hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification in which like numerals designate like parts in all the views:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic side elevational view of a. hull made in accordance with this invention; 1

Figure 2 is a diagrammatic plan view of the parts shown in Figure 1;

l igure 3 is a diagrammatic horizontal sectional view illustrating the trimniin portion of the pipe system;

Figure 1 is a view similarto Figure 3 but illustrating diagramatically the suction portion of the pipe system.

Figure 5 is a diagrammatic cross sectional view taken approximately on the line 5-5 of Figure 1, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 6 is a diagrammatic sectional plan view taken on the line 66 of Figure 5 looking down;

Figure 7 is a diagrammatic vertical sectional view taken on the line 7-7 of Figure 5 looking in the direction of the arrows; and

Figure 8 is a fragmentary diagrammatic side elevational view of a vessel equipped with a slightly modified form of the invention.

1 indicates the outer skin of any suitable floating structure such as a ship, or barge of the well known Ferris type. 2 represents a midship longitudinal bulk head prefer- Specification of Letters Patent.

1820. Serial No. 395,829.

ably extending from stem to stem of the vessel to give rigidity thereto, and 3 represents a plurality of transverse bulk heads extending from side to side of the hull.

As will be clear from Figures 1, 2, and 5, said bulk heads 2 and 3 extend from the upper deck 10 to the tank top, or inner bottom 11 of the hull. Below the upper deck.

between the inner side walls or skin 14 of the vessel, and from the top deck 10 to the inner bottom 11.

It is found to be entirely practical commercially to build oil carrying vessels of wood according to my prior Patent #12760el2, August 20, 1918, for wooden tank vessels, and to then divide up their holds in the manner indicated, and it is further found to be unnecessarily expensive to make all the tanks 8 absolutely oil tight as was contemplated in said patent.

Accordingly in carrying out this invention 1 do not incur the expense of making the tanks 8 absolutely oil tight when subjected to the racking strains of a sea way, but I adopt a less costly construction which will permit them, eventually, to leak, and the oil to find its way into the spaces 15, Figure 5, between the inner skin 14 and the outer skin 1, all as will appear more fully hereinafter.

Resting upon the inner bottom 11, are one or more caissons, or oil tight steel compartments 16 and 17, into which the oil cannot enter at all, and the tops 18 of which extend well above the upper deck'lO. Into the caisson 16 I place one of the main pumps 20, and into the caisson 17 I place another of the main pumps 25.

In order to readily fill the compartments with oil and to readily discharge the same, I provide a main intake and discharge pipe 26 which may conveniently be attached to any suitable oil supply not shown, whereupon by operating the pumps or by merely opening the valve 27 when there is a head oi eil,the latter will flow into the pipes 28 and 29. as will be clear from Figures 5 and 7. But pipe 28 being on the force side of the pump 20, said oil will go no further therein. Said oil will, however, flow down the pipe 29 to the pipe 30 as indicated in dotted lines, Figure 5, and full lines, Figure 6, to the pipe 22, to the pipe 23, and to the pipe 21, all as will be clearirom Figures l, 5, 6 and 7. Gil under pressure being new in the pipes 22 and 21, it is readily carried aft along the distributing mains 31 and 32, see Figures 4: and 6, and forward along the mains and 34.

From the main 31 the oil is dis 'ib'uted into the various compartments 8 through the branch pipes 35; from the main 82 it is distributed into said compartments 8 through the branch pipes 36;"trom the main 33 it is distributed into said compartments through the branch pipes 37 and from the main 34;, said oil is distributed through the branch pipes all as will be clear from Figures i and 6.

WVhen it is desired to discharge the oil from the Compartments 8, it is onlyv necessary to manipulate suitable valves not shown, and to start one or both of the pumps 20 or 25, whereupon the oil will be sucked from the said mains 31, 32, 33, and 3d and their appropriate branch pipes into the t sides of the pumps from which it will be discharged through the pipes 28 and 40 into the main discharge pipe 26, all as will be clear from Figures4, 5, 6 and 7. Of course, suitable valves are placed in any andall. pipes wherever they are needed, so that oil may be cut oil from or let into. any compartment desired.

As stated above, in order to lessen the cost of construction, the compartments 8 are not made perfectly oil tight, and therefore a very considerable portion of the oil will find itself in the'spaces between the outer and inner skin of the hull. This oil, of course, must be pumped out of said spaces when desired, and to this end the mains 31, 32, 33,

' ever the pijiinps are running. In order to facilitate the passage o'f'the oil from one of the spaces 15 into another, the transverse "frames 42 of the vessel are provided with orifices 48, see Figl'lre 5, which enable the oil. to pass along the inside of the outer skin from one space to another, and thus may all of the said spaces lii be cleared of oil whenever-it is desired'to do so.

ide-d with the suction 2nd to roe d Again, since the compartments 8 are not oil tight as stated above, some oi them will retain oil much better than will others, and therefore oil will collectin some of the comi kil il'llelltfl more readily than it will in others, and thus tend to destroy the trim of the ship. Tl his uneven distribution of the oil might be of considerable disadvantage in heavy seas, and to avoid this objection I provide what is known as a trimming: pipe line which is best illustrated in Fi ure 3. This said pipe line comprises the main pipe 45 located near the longitdinal midshig'i bulkhead 2, and is provid T with. the branches 4.6 communicatingn'ith alternate compartments 8 on one side of the bul head 2 and also with the branches 48 ot' the other side of the said bulk head which likewise communicate with alternate compartments 8. Said pipe 45 as best shown in'Figure 5 communicates with the pipe 25) and therefore with the entire suction system of pipes. It thus results that when oil collects in one compartment or in one set of compartments, to an objectionable extent, by suitably manipulating valves not shown, the oil may flow from any compartment through the various pipes disclosed into any other compartment and thus may the trim of the ship be restored.

lf will now be clear hat this invention inrolres the providing; oi? any suitable hull whether it be steel, wood, or other material, and whether it he oi a ship or oia barge, with longitudinal and transverse bulk heads. forming: compartments which are not necessarily oil tight and teat therefore a considerable savingin cost is effected. Said invention also comprises the 1 roviding of such a hull with a system of piping adapted to receive the ca 0 of oil through the pipe 26. ll lso by means of the di. i-ributin mains 3i, 2-33, and the placing; oi. said oil in the various compartments is effected, thus enablingz one to quickly load ill'lGYGSSGl with oil. Said invention further comprises the. suction connections ll. etc, for sucking outthe oil in the spaces and from between the transrerses 4-2. that may have leaked into the said spaces. The de ivery not only of this said last mentioned oil but of the oil in the 8 is eilected through the said pipes 28 and 2. the original intake pipe 26 and their conner us to any place desired. In other words, tl 's invention enables the operator to build a wooden ship. filter example, substalr in accordzuice with said prior P :1 Jun atent employ the set of piping tor talringin the cargo and 1r discharg ng the same, thus saving ery considerably notonly in the cost the trimming pipe line illustrated in Figure 3, and thus keeping the vessel in trim during heavy weather.

In addition to the above, the invention involves the further features now ,to be disclosed.

It being very desirable that vessels of this character he provided with a. propelling means, whether the vessel be a ship or a bar 'e, I may provide the sail power indicated by the numeral when desired. The after portion of the hull is fitted with an extradeck 51 which is spaced say two feet above the upper deck 10, and on this said deck 51 may be placed a boiler 52 for operating the oil pumps, lire pumps, the bilge pumps, and the deck machinery. The space between the deck 51 and the deck 10 being an air space, it serves as a considerable protection against fire.

55, Figure 2, represents a pipe line running down the longitudinal center of the hull and provided with branches 56 to each oi"- the oil tight hatches 57. It thus constitutes a reliei pipe or vent, to permit air, or vapors, to escape when filling the tanks, and also to provide a communication with the atmosphere at all times, so that there will. be neither a pressure nor a vacuum in any of the tanks to militate against the filling and unloading operations.

In some cases it is desirable to provide a power propulsion also, and to meet this requirement, I provide a steel oil tight compartment or caisson 60, the modification illustrated in Figure 8, in which caisson there may be placed a Diesel engine, or there may be placed any other type of engine therein. Should a Diesel engine be employed, suitable connections, not shown, to the propeller 62 are provided, and the boiler 52 located upon the auxiliary deck 51 supplies steam to the pumps, the deck machinery, itc. But in case a steam engine should be employed, .in said caisson steam is piped to it from the said boiler 52.

Of course, other additional features not shown may be provided, such, for example, as a line of pipe conveying steam to be used for smothering any tires which might occur in diii'ercnt tanks. Also heating coils, or other apparatus fed by steam may he employed in the various tanks to render the oil more fluid and easier to handle.

it will now be clear that as stated above, this invention by producing a less costly construction of tanks which are permitted to leak, by providing pumping means such as 20 and 25 in the steel. compartments, or caissons l6 and ii, by employing the same system of piping for getting the oil aboard and for forcing it out of the hold, by pro viding the suction connections 41 with the spaces 15 below the inner bottom, by providing the auxiliary deck 51 and locating the steam boiler 52 thereon away from the oil, and by providing the other features mentioned, including the trimming line of piping and the vent line of piping, one is enabled to carry oil in wooden ships in a manner very much less costly and far more elliciently than has heretofore been possible. The same ren'iarks apply to barges.

It is obvious that those skilled in the art may vary the details ot construction as well as the arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit of the invention, and therefore it is not desired to be limited to the above disclosure except may be required by the claims.

llhat is claimed is 1. In an oil carrying hull having a top deck the combination of an inner and outer skin with a space between them; a longitudinal bulk head; a plurality or" trans-- verse bulk heads dividing said hull into oil carrying compartments capable of leaking oil into said space; an oil tight metal com partment reaching from above the top deck to the bottom of the hold; a pump in said compartment; a system oi piping connected to said pump adapted to fill said oil compartments and to discharge the oil therefrom; and a suction connection between said pump and said space for discharging any oil that may have leaked. therein, substan tially as described.

2. In an oil carrying hull having a top deck the combination of an inner and an outer skin'with a space between them; longitudinal and transverse bulk heads forming compartments capable of leaking oil into said space; an oil tight compartment reaching above said top deck; a pump in said last named compartment; a pipe system connected to said pump for carrying oil to and from said first named compartments during the loading and unloading operations; connections with said pipe system for sucking oil out of said space; and a pipe system also connected to said first named compartments and said pump for moving oil "from one compartment to another to trim the vessel, substantially as described.

3. In an oil carrying hull having a top deck the combination of an inner and an outer skin with a space between them; longitudinal and transverse bulk heads forming compartments capable of leaking oil into said space; an oil tight compartment reach ing above said top deck; a pump in said last named compartment; a pipe system connected to said pump for carrying oil to and from said first named compartments during the loading and unloading operations; a pipe system connected with the outer atmos phere for venting said first named compartments during said loading and unloading operations; connections with said first named pipe system for sucking oil out of ing oil into said space; an oil tight metal compartment reaching; from above the top deck to the bottom of the head; a pump in said compartment; a system of piping connected to said pump 2M pted to iill said oil (EOIllpttl'tllEdIltS and to discharge the oil therefrom; an auxiliary deck spaced above said top deck; a steam gi-zncrator'located on said auxiliary deck for opera said pump and a suction connection between said, pump and said space for di, charging any oil that may have leaked therein, substantially as described.

In an oil carr in hull having a too a a; l

deck the combination of an inner and an outer skin with a space between them; longitudinal and transverse bull heads forming compartments capable of leaking oil 'into said space; an oil tight compartment reachiug abovi said top deck; a pump in said East named compartment; an auxiliary deck spaced above said top deck; a steam generator for operating said pump located on said top deck; a pipe system connected to said pump for carrying oil to and from said first named compartments during the loading and unloading operation; connections With said pipe system for sucking oil out of said space; and a pipe system alsoconnected to said first named compartments and said pump for moving oil from one compartment to another to trim the vessel, substantially as described:

6. In an oil carrying}; Wooden vessel having; a top deck the combination of inner and outer skins oi WOOCl with spaces between them; compartments Whose Walls are of Wood "and adapted to oil into said spaces' a plurality of oil tight compartments extending from the inner bottom of said vessel to points above said top deck; a pump in each of said last named compartments; a pipe system comprising distributing mains connected with said first named compartments and said pumps Ml' pted to load and unload the vessel; con nections between said pumps and said spaces; a vessel trimming ipe system connected to said pumps and said first named con'ipartments; and a venting pipe system to facilitate the loading and discharge of said first named compartments, substantially as described.

7. in an oil carrying Wooden vessel. having a top deck the combination of inner and outer skins otwood with spaces between them; compartments whose Walls are of WOOCl and adapted to leak oil into said spaces; a plurality of oil tight compartments extending); from. the inner bottom of said vessel to points above said top deck; a pump in each of said last named compartments an auxiliary deck located above said to deck; a steam generator on said auXiliary deck for operating said pumps; a pipe system comprising distributing mains con nec'ed with said first named compartments and said pumps adapted to load and unload the vessel; connections between said pumps and said spaces; a vessel trimmingpipe sys tem connected to said pumps and said first named coinpartnients; and a venting pipe system to facilitate the loading and di charge of said first named compartments;

substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I athx my signature.

/VILLIAM A. EBSEN. 

